cardiovascular disease

A paper that reviews and synthesizes current research literature including from papers from the American Heart Association, Journal of the American College of Cardiology and other scientific databases and websites as to healthcare quality and equity for women’s cardiovascular health. The paper also reviews current approaches for evaluation and treatment of acute coronary syndromes that are more prevalent in women, as well as policies and initiatives currently under consideration for enhancing a gender-based approach to cardiac health in a systemic way. The paper then focuses on 3 major sub-topics: (i) the social, cultural and economic determinants of health in both developed (US, Canada) and developing (Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria & Brazil) countries and (ii) the additional challenges in delivery of care faced by ethnic minorities, immigrants and gender fluid or non-traditional gender individuals