System optimum mathematical modeling

Hi, I want to model a transportation system and the movement of public transportation and cars and so on. In this system, there is a problem that should be modeled, for example, simply deleting a link in the graph.
There is a travel plan for each passenger that is supposed to be the optimal travel plan.
The main issue is how to inform passengers to optimize the system.
That is, while each passenger itinerary is optimized, the ultimate goal is group optimization, not individual optimization to optimize the system.